Exploring The Implementation of Participation Point System (PPS) Technique in Vocational High School Speaking Classroom
Abstract
This study aims to explore the application of student participation point techniques in vocational high schools. Active participation of students in the learning process has an important role in improving their speaking skills. Therefore, the point participation technique is used as a method to encourage students to be more active in participating in teaching speaking in class. This study used a qualitative approach with a narrative inquiry design. Data was collected through class observations, interviews with teachers and students, as well as analysis of documents related to the curriculum and the application of point participation techniques. The research sample was carried out in a vocational high school located in Karawang and has implemented the participation point system technique.
The results of the study show that the use of the participation point system has a positive impact on students' speaking abilities at the school. Students who are less active because of fear and embarrassment become motivated to participate in learning speaking so that their abilities improve in terms of mastery of vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation.
Keywords: participation points, students, vocational high schools, learning strategies, active participation.
References
Aisyah, I., & Retnaningsih, H. W. (2017) The Implementation of Participation Point System in Teaching Listening At Fourth Semester of English Education Department of IAIN Surakarta In Academic Year 2015/2016 (Doctoral dissertation, IAIN Surakarta).
Al Nakhalah, A. M. M. (2016). Problems and difficulties of speaking that encounter English language students at Al Quds Open University. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 5(12), 96-101.
Amelia, A., Dalle, M. B. & Setiadi, M. A. (2018). The Use of Participation Point System in Teaching The English Speaking Skill at The VII Grade of SMPN 4 Baraka Enrekang Regency. JKIP (Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan), 5(1), 81-94
Anderman, L., Andrzejewski, C. E., & Allen, J. 2011. How do teachers support motivation and learning in their classrooms? Teachers College Record, 113(5): 969-1003
Ary, et al. 2010. 2006. Introduction to Research in Education. Wadsworth:Cengage Learning.
Bean, J. C., & Peterson, D. (1998). Grading classroom participation, New directions for teaching and learning, 1998(74), 33-40.
Bess.M., & Bess, D. A. (2002). A participation points system good for every task. In JALT 2002 Conference Proceedings.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006) Using thematic analysis in piychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 32) Pp. 77-101. ISSN 1478-0887
Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983), Discourse Analysis, New York: Cambridge University Press
Brown. G. and Yule, G. (1989). Teaching the Spoken Language : Approach Based on the Analysis of Conversational English. Australia: Cambridge University Press
Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching .4th Ed. New York: Longman, Pearson Education, Inc.
Bonwell, C. C, and Eison, JA. (1991), Active learning: creating excitement in the classroom. ASH-ERIC Higher Education Report No. 1.
Cohen. L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011). Research methods in education (7Ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Corbin, J. & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Griffin, J. (2008). On human rights. Oxford University Press
Hadley, G. (2002). Encouraging oral communication in the EFL classroom. Retrieved on 1 January, 2016, from http://www.nuis.ac.ip/-hadley/publication/partpoints/participation.
Harmer, J. (2007). How to Teach English. Essex: Pearson Education Limited
Hughes, R. (2002), Teaching and researching speaking. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited
Ihsan, M. (2018). Using the participation point system in teaching speaking skills. English Education Journal, 92), 176-191.
Jeffrey, D. M. (2003) A Participation Points System to Help Passive Students Communicate. CELE Joumal 12, final, David J., FE Participation Points.pdf. Retrieved at www.asia-u.ac ip/053%20CELE%20Jrnl%2.htm on August 7, 2011
Jeffrey, D. M. (2004). A participation points system to help passive students communicate. English Institute of Education Bulletin (CELE Journal), 12.53-63.
Kayi, H. (2006). Teaching speaking: Activities to promote speaking in a second language. The Internet TESL Journal, 12 (11). Retrieved April, 28, 2015.
Langer, J. A., Bartolome, L., Vasquez, O., & Lucas, T. (1990). Meaning construction in school literacy tasks: A study of bilingual students. American Educational Research Journal, 27(3), 427-471.
Leong, L. M., & Ahmadi, S. M. (2017). An Analysis of Factors Influencing Learners' English Speaking Skill.
Polland, L. 2008. Lucy Pollard's Guide to Teaching English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Raine P, the use of participation point system to encourage more proactive learner participation in Japanese university English classes. Retrieved on May 20, 2016. http://www.irepository.net/contents/asia-u/11300140.pdf
Rabbitt, T. (2015). Reading, writing, speaking and listening? Which is most important and why?. Retrieved on March 07, 2017, from
http://ww.tis.edu.mo/vision/reading: writing-speaking andlistening:which-is-most-important-and-why/.
Ranson, S. (2000), Recognizing the pedagogy of voice in a learning community. Educational Management and Administration.v28 n3 p263-69
Rao, P. S. (2019). The Efective Use of Authentic Materials in the English Language Classrooms. Humanities, 7(1), 1-8.
Rosdianah, A. (2019). The Effectiveness of Participation Poin System (PPS) Method In Teaching Speaking (An Experimental Research at The Third Grade of SMPN 1 Atap Garung Kibin Serang-Banten). (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Serang Banten).
Sass, E. J. (1989). Motivation in the college classroom: What students tell us. Teaching of psychology, 16(2), 86-88.
Schmuck, R. (1997). Practical action research for change. Arlington Heights, IL: IRI/Skylight Training and Publishing.
Septiani, E., Diem, C. D., & M Yunus, M. Y. (2018). The Correlation Between Grammar Mastery and Reading Comprehension Achievement of The Eight Graders at SMP Negeri 13 Palembang (Doctoral dissertation, Sriwijaya University).
Shrum, J., & Glisan, E. (2009). Teacher's handbook (4th ed.). Boston: Heinle Cengage Learning
Sukmadinata, N.S. 2011. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, Bandung: Remaja Rosadakarya.
Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Widdowson, H. G. (1994). The ownership of Engish. TESOL quarterly, 28(2),377-389.
Wilson T. (2006). Total reward strategy: What's your philosophy. New York.
Yendra, B. R. (2018), An Analysis of students’ Problems in Mastering Speaking Skill Faced By The First Semester of The Twelve Grade at SMAN 3 Kotabumi Lampung Utara is Academic Year of 2017/2018 (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).
