Model Jaringan Aktor Dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Desa Wisata Tanjung Punak Kecamatan Rupat Utara Kabupaten Bengkalis

Abstract

The tourism development of Tanjung Punak Tourism Village, which won 1st Place at the Indonesian Tourism Village Award (ADWI) at the Riau Province level in 2023, faces serious challenges regarding sustainability post-award. This sustainability is highly dependent on the effectiveness of the Penta Helix Actor Network Model (Government, Community, Academia, Business, Mass Media), which serves as the foundation for Collaborative Governance. This study aims to analyze the model, actor roles, and network dynamics that influence the village's tourism sustainability. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the research identified that all Penta Helix elements are structurally complete. The findings indicate a disparity between strong resource support and governance dysfunction. The Facilitator role (Pertamina Hulu Rokan/Business and STP Riau/Academia) proved highly effective in providing CSR funding and capacity building. However, network effectiveness was paralyzed by a Critical Dysfunction in the Coordinator role (Bengkalis Regency Tourism Office). The Coordinator's failure to resolve the Tanjung Lapin management conflict between Primary Actors (the Office and Village Government/POKDARWIS) severed trust and the flow of routine support. This triggered implementor fatigue and the Implementor's failure to maintain facilities, marked by the poorly maintained condition of facilities. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the Actor Network in Tanjung Punak functions partially; the failure of the Coordinator role within the Government pillar is the fundamental obstacle that sabotaged the goal of tourism sustainability.