Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Gerak Dasar Manipulatif Lempar Tangkap Dalam Bermain Kasti Melalui Pendekatan Bermain Pada Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 46 Maluku Tengah

Abstract

This study aims to improve learning outcomes regarding the fundamental manipulative skills of throwing and catching in the game of *kasti* (a traditional Indonesian bat-and-ball game) through a play-based approach among third-grade students at SD Negeri 46 Central Maluku. The study was motivated by the low proficiency of many students in throwing and catching during *kasti* games, which is suspected to be influenced by physical condition—specifically, the explosive power of the biceps and triceps. The study focuses on the fundamental manipulative skills of throwing and catching in *kasti*. The population consists of all 24 students participating in the *kasti* extracurricular activity at SD Negeri 46 Central Maluku. The sample comprises these 24 students. Instruments were used to measure the explosive power of the arm, shoulder, and wrist muscles; effective play requires fast, powerful, and long-distance throws to eliminate opponents. The results indicate an improvement in learning outcomes for throwing and catching skills among third-grade students at SD Negeri 46 Central Maluku. Student performance across two cycles showed an increase—from 5.23% in the first cycle to 100% in the second cycle—representing an overall improvement of 9.67%. The variety of instructional media employed by the physical education teacher also increased from the first to the second cycle, demonstrating the teacher's success in managing the learning process.