HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 PADA REMAJA DI MAN 2 BANYUMAS

Abstract

Background. The growing incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) among adolescents has emerged as an important public health issue. This trend is largely associated with lifestyle changes, including insufficient physical activity, prolonged sedentary behavior, and unhealthy eating habits characterized by frequent consumption of ultra-processed foods. Improving adolescents' understanding of T2DM risk factors and prevention strategies is essential to encourage healthy lifestyle practices and reduce the likelihood of long-term metabolic disorders.

Purpose. This study aimed to examine the association between students' knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and their preventive behaviors among adolescents enrolled at MAN 2 Banyumas.

Methods. A quantitative study employing a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 322 students. Participants from grades X and XI were recruited through disproportional stratified random sampling to ensure adequate representation of each grade level. Data were collected between September and October 2025 using validated questionnaires assessing sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge related to T2DM, and preventive behaviors. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman Rank correlation test, with statistical significance determined at p < 0.05.

Results. Most respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding T2DM (80.7%), whereas preventive behavior was predominantly classified as moderate (65.8%). Spearman Rank analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between knowledge and preventive behavior (p = 0.037), although the correlation was very weak (r = 0.117). These findings suggest that adolescents with better knowledge tend to exhibit more favorable preventive behaviors.

Conclusion. Despite the weak correlation, the findings indicate that improving adolescents' knowledge may contribute to the adoption of healthier preventive behaviors. Strengthening health literacy should therefore be considered an important component of programs aimed at preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among adolescents.